Frequencies for first 10,000 rows of n01400 variable in zipcode2009 dataset : Number of | returns | with | taxable | individual | retirement | arrangement | s | distributio | ns | Freq. Percent Cum. ------------+----------------------------------- 0 | 646 6.46 6.46 .0001 | 3,234 32.34 38.80 20 | 121 1.21 40.01 21 | 130 1.30 41.31 22 | 122 1.22 42.53 23 | 125 1.25 43.78 24 | 129 1.29 45.07 25 | 111 1.11 46.18 26 | 110 1.10 47.28 27 | 112 1.12 48.40 28 | 108 1.08 49.48 29 | 121 1.21 50.69 30 | 103 1.03 51.72 31 | 107 1.07 52.79 32 | 101 1.01 53.80 33 | 90 0.90 54.70 34 | 95 0.95 55.65 35 | 95 0.95 56.60 36 | 93 0.93 57.53 37 | 88 0.88 58.41 38 | 86 0.86 59.27 39 | 75 0.75 60.02 40 | 80 0.80 60.82 41 | 56 0.56 61.38 42 | 77 0.77 62.15 43 | 62 0.62 62.77 44 | 57 0.57 63.34 45 | 60 0.60 63.94 46 | 52 0.52 64.46 47 | 60 0.60 65.06 48 | 45 0.45 65.51 49 | 54 0.54 66.05 50 | 47 0.47 66.52 51 | 62 0.62 67.14 52 | 40 0.40 67.54 53 | 36 0.36 67.90 54 | 42 0.42 68.32 55 | 42 0.42 68.74 56 | 41 0.41 69.15 57 | 34 0.34 69.49 58 | 32 0.32 69.81 59 | 46 0.46 70.27 60 | 38 0.38 70.65 61 | 33 0.33 70.98 62 | 35 0.35 71.33 63 | 40 0.40 71.73 64 | 30 0.30 72.03 65 | 35 0.35 72.38 66 | 39 0.39 72.77 67 | 35 0.35 73.12 68 | 29 0.29 73.41 69 | 27 0.27 73.68 70 | 29 0.29 73.97 71 | 35 0.35 74.32 72 | 38 0.38 74.70 73 | 23 0.23 74.93 74 | 25 0.25 75.18 75 | 23 0.23 75.41 76 | 23 0.23 75.64 77 | 26 0.26 75.90 78 | 23 0.23 76.13 79 | 21 0.21 76.34 80 | 27 0.27 76.61 81 | 22 0.22 76.83 82 | 25 0.25 77.08 83 | 24 0.24 77.32 84 | 18 0.18 77.50 85 | 16 0.16 77.66 86 | 26 0.26 77.92 87 | 24 0.24 78.16 88 | 27 0.27 78.43 89 | 22 0.22 78.65 90 | 22 0.22 78.87 91 | 18 0.18 79.05 92 | 21 0.21 79.26 93 | 15 0.15 79.41 94 | 22 0.22 79.63 95 | 29 0.29 79.92 96 | 17 0.17 80.09 97 | 23 0.23 80.32 98 | 21 0.21 80.53 99 | 15 0.15 80.68 100 | 17 0.17 80.85 101 | 20 0.20 81.05 102 | 17 0.17 81.22 103 | 15 0.15 81.37 104 | 14 0.14 81.51 105 | 13 0.13 81.64 106 | 10 0.10 81.74 107 | 15 0.15 81.89 108 | 24 0.24 82.13 109 | 12 0.12 82.25 110 | 17 0.17 82.42 111 | 16 0.16 82.58 112 | 15 0.15 82.73 113 | 20 0.20 82.93 114 | 14 0.14 83.07 115 | 9 0.09 83.16 116 | 15 0.15 83.31 117 | 16 0.16 83.47 118 | 18 0.18 83.65 119 | 12 0.12 83.77 120 | 17 0.17 83.94 121 | 9 0.09 84.03 122 | 13 0.13 84.16 123 | 13 0.13 84.29 124 | 11 0.11 84.40 125 | 16 0.16 84.56 126 | 18 0.18 84.74 127 | 11 0.11 84.85 128 | 13 0.13 84.98 129 | 17 0.17 85.15 130 | 11 0.11 85.26 131 | 17 0.17 85.43 132 | 13 0.13 85.56 133 | 12 0.12 85.68 134 | 14 0.14 85.82 135 | 8 0.08 85.90 136 | 13 0.13 86.03 137 | 7 0.07 86.10 138 | 12 0.12 86.22 139 | 16 0.16 86.38 140 | 13 0.13 86.51 141 | 16 0.16 86.67 142 | 13 0.13 86.80 143 | 11 0.11 86.91 144 | 15 0.15 87.06 145 | 5 0.05 87.11 146 | 11 0.11 87.22 147 | 9 0.09 87.31 148 | 10 0.10 87.41 149 | 10 0.10 87.51 150 | 6 0.06 87.57 151 | 12 0.12 87.69 152 | 13 0.13 87.82 153 | 15 0.15 87.97 154 | 7 0.07 88.04 155 | 10 0.10 88.14 156 | 8 0.08 88.22 157 | 9 0.09 88.31 158 | 8 0.08 88.39 159 | 5 0.05 88.44 160 | 9 0.09 88.53 161 | 12 0.12 88.65 162 | 13 0.13 88.78 163 | 14 0.14 88.92 164 | 10 0.10 89.02 165 | 11 0.11 89.13 166 | 11 0.11 89.24 167 | 9 0.09 89.33 168 | 7 0.07 89.40 169 | 7 0.07 89.47 170 | 7 0.07 89.54 171 | 7 0.07 89.61 172 | 6 0.06 89.67 173 | 8 0.08 89.75 174 | 10 0.10 89.85 175 | 7 0.07 89.92 176 | 7 0.07 89.99 177 | 9 0.09 90.08 178 | 6 0.06 90.14 179 | 8 0.08 90.22 180 | 4 0.04 90.26 181 | 6 0.06 90.32 182 | 6 0.06 90.38 183 | 10 0.10 90.48 184 | 5 0.05 90.53 185 | 7 0.07 90.60 186 | 7 0.07 90.67 187 | 8 0.08 90.75 188 | 9 0.09 90.84 189 | 3 0.03 90.87 190 | 6 0.06 90.93 191 | 7 0.07 91.00 192 | 7 0.07 91.07 193 | 6 0.06 91.13 194 | 5 0.05 91.18 195 | 4 0.04 91.22 196 | 6 0.06 91.28 197 | 4 0.04 91.32 198 | 8 0.08 91.40 199 | 6 0.06 91.46 200 | 9 0.09 91.55 201 | 8 0.08 91.63 202 | 5 0.05 91.68 203 | 7 0.07 91.75 204 | 6 0.06 91.81 205 | 6 0.06 91.87 206 | 3 0.03 91.90 207 | 4 0.04 91.94 208 | 5 0.05 91.99 209 | 7 0.07 92.06 210 | 5 0.05 92.11 211 | 5 0.05 92.16 212 | 8 0.08 92.24 213 | 4 0.04 92.28 214 | 6 0.06 92.34 215 | 4 0.04 92.38 216 | 7 0.07 92.45 217 | 3 0.03 92.48 218 | 4 0.04 92.52 219 | 5 0.05 92.57 220 | 4 0.04 92.61 221 | 4 0.04 92.65 222 | 5 0.05 92.70 223 | 1 0.01 92.71 224 | 4 0.04 92.75 225 | 3 0.03 92.78 226 | 6 0.06 92.84 227 | 2 0.02 92.86 228 | 4 0.04 92.90 229 | 2 0.02 92.92 230 | 4 0.04 92.96 231 | 6 0.06 93.02 232 | 3 0.03 93.05 233 | 2 0.02 93.07 234 | 3 0.03 93.10 235 | 6 0.06 93.16 236 | 4 0.04 93.20 237 | 6 0.06 93.26 238 | 1 0.01 93.27 239 | 2 0.02 93.29 240 | 5 0.05 93.34 241 | 4 0.04 93.38 242 | 4 0.04 93.42 243 | 4 0.04 93.46 244 | 7 0.07 93.53 246 | 3 0.03 93.56 247 | 2 0.02 93.58 248 | 6 0.06 93.64 249 | 2 0.02 93.66 250 | 3 0.03 93.69 251 | 5 0.05 93.74 252 | 7 0.07 93.81 253 | 3 0.03 93.84 254 | 4 0.04 93.88 255 | 9 0.09 93.97 256 | 5 0.05 94.02 257 | 4 0.04 94.06 258 | 3 0.03 94.09 259 | 4 0.04 94.13 260 | 2 0.02 94.15 261 | 5 0.05 94.20 262 | 3 0.03 94.23 263 | 4 0.04 94.27 264 | 5 0.05 94.32 265 | 3 0.03 94.35 266 | 4 0.04 94.39 267 | 1 0.01 94.40 269 | 3 0.03 94.43 270 | 5 0.05 94.48 271 | 1 0.01 94.49 272 | 1 0.01 94.50 273 | 4 0.04 94.54 274 | 5 0.05 94.59 275 | 5 0.05 94.64 277 | 4 0.04 94.68 278 | 6 0.06 94.74 279 | 2 0.02 94.76 280 | 2 0.02 94.78 281 | 2 0.02 94.80 282 | 2 0.02 94.82 284 | 2 0.02 94.84 285 | 5 0.05 94.89 286 | 2 0.02 94.91 287 | 4 0.04 94.95 289 | 2 0.02 94.97 290 | 2 0.02 94.99 291 | 4 0.04 95.03 292 | 3 0.03 95.06 294 | 1 0.01 95.07 296 | 1 0.01 95.08 297 | 3 0.03 95.11 298 | 1 0.01 95.12 299 | 2 0.02 95.14 300 | 2 0.02 95.16 302 | 1 0.01 95.17 303 | 3 0.03 95.20 304 | 2 0.02 95.22 306 | 2 0.02 95.24 307 | 3 0.03 95.27 308 | 1 0.01 95.28 310 | 2 0.02 95.30 311 | 2 0.02 95.32 312 | 1 0.01 95.33 314 | 1 0.01 95.34 318 | 1 0.01 95.35 319 | 1 0.01 95.36 320 | 1 0.01 95.37 321 | 5 0.05 95.42 324 | 2 0.02 95.44 325 | 3 0.03 95.47 326 | 1 0.01 95.48 327 | 3 0.03 95.51 328 | 1 0.01 95.52 329 | 4 0.04 95.56 330 | 2 0.02 95.58 333 | 4 0.04 95.62 334 | 1 0.01 95.63 335 | 1 0.01 95.64 337 | 3 0.03 95.67 338 | 3 0.03 95.70 339 | 2 0.02 95.72 340 | 2 0.02 95.74 341 | 1 0.01 95.75 342 | 1 0.01 95.76 343 | 1 0.01 95.77 344 | 2 0.02 95.79 346 | 1 0.01 95.80 348 | 2 0.02 95.82 350 | 1 0.01 95.83 353 | 3 0.03 95.86 354 | 1 0.01 95.87 355 | 1 0.01 95.88 356 | 2 0.02 95.90 357 | 3 0.03 95.93 360 | 2 0.02 95.95 362 | 1 0.01 95.96 363 | 1 0.01 95.97 364 | 2 0.02 95.99 366 | 1 0.01 96.00 368 | 1 0.01 96.01 369 | 2 0.02 96.03 370 | 2 0.02 96.05 374 | 1 0.01 96.06 376 | 3 0.03 96.09 382 | 1 0.01 96.10 385 | 1 0.01 96.11 386 | 2 0.02 96.13 387 | 1 0.01 96.14 388 | 2 0.02 96.16 389 | 1 0.01 96.17 390 | 1 0.01 96.18 392 | 1 0.01 96.19 393 | 3 0.03 96.22 394 | 1 0.01 96.23 396 | 1 0.01 96.24 398 | 1 0.01 96.25 400 | 1 0.01 96.26 401 | 1 0.01 96.27 402 | 2 0.02 96.29 403 | 2 0.02 96.31 404 | 2 0.02 96.33 407 | 1 0.01 96.34 408 | 1 0.01 96.35 409 | 1 0.01 96.36 411 | 2 0.02 96.38 412 | 1 0.01 96.39 416 | 1 0.01 96.40 417 | 1 0.01 96.41 420 | 1 0.01 96.42 421 | 1 0.01 96.43 423 | 1 0.01 96.44 424 | 1 0.01 96.45 425 | 1 0.01 96.46 430 | 2 0.02 96.48 433 | 1 0.01 96.49 435 | 1 0.01 96.50 436 | 1 0.01 96.51 438 | 2 0.02 96.53 440 | 1 0.01 96.54 442 | 1 0.01 96.55 444 | 1 0.01 96.56 450 | 1 0.01 96.57 451 | 2 0.02 96.59 458 | 1 0.01 96.60 466 | 1 0.01 96.61 467 | 1 0.01 96.62 469 | 1 0.01 96.63 479 | 1 0.01 96.64 480 | 1 0.01 96.65 481 | 1 0.01 96.66 484 | 1 0.01 96.67 493 | 1 0.01 96.68 499 | 1 0.01 96.69 500 | 2 0.02 96.71 506 | 2 0.02 96.73 515 | 1 0.01 96.74 516 | 1 0.01 96.75 519 | 1 0.01 96.76 523 | 1 0.01 96.77 524 | 1 0.01 96.78 529 | 1 0.01 96.79 531 | 1 0.01 96.80 533 | 1 0.01 96.81 535 | 1 0.01 96.82 542 | 1 0.01 96.83 544 | 1 0.01 96.84 549 | 1 0.01 96.85 557 | 1 0.01 96.86 564 | 1 0.01 96.87 567 | 1 0.01 96.88 587 | 1 0.01 96.89 590 | 1 0.01 96.90 594 | 1 0.01 96.91 597 | 1 0.01 96.92 614 | 1 0.01 96.93 618 | 1 0.01 96.94 653 | 1 0.01 96.95 690 | 1 0.01 96.96 725 | 1 0.01 96.97 735 | 2 0.02 96.99 753 | 1 0.01 97.00 761 | 1 0.01 97.01 852 | 1 0.01 97.02 857 | 1 0.01 97.03 895 | 1 0.01 97.04 1035 | 1 0.01 97.05 1046 | 1 0.01 97.06 1161 | 1 0.01 97.07 1181 | 1 0.01 97.08 1251 | 1 0.01 97.09 1282 | 1 0.01 97.10 1334 | 1 0.01 97.11 1412 | 1 0.01 97.12 1420 | 1 0.01 97.13 1460 | 1 0.01 97.14 1763 | 1 0.01 97.15 1808 | 1 0.01 97.16 1814 | 1 0.01 97.17 1943 | 1 0.01 97.18 2149 | 1 0.01 97.19 2166 | 1 0.01 97.20 2191 | 1 0.01 97.21 2196 | 1 0.01 97.22 2220 | 1 0.01 97.23 2271 | 1 0.01 97.24 2282 | 1 0.01 97.25 2292 | 1 0.01 97.26 2316 | 1 0.01 97.27 2338 | 1 0.01 97.28 2362 | 1 0.01 97.29 2494 | 1 0.01 97.30 2516 | 1 0.01 97.31 2559 | 1 0.01 97.32 2594 | 1 0.01 97.33 2698 | 1 0.01 97.34 2904 | 1 0.01 97.35 2946 | 1 0.01 97.36 2979 | 1 0.01 97.37 3016 | 1 0.01 97.38 3130 | 1 0.01 97.39 3181 | 1 0.01 97.40 3278 | 1 0.01 97.41 3356 | 1 0.01 97.42 3662 | 1 0.01 97.43 3682 | 1 0.01 97.44 3762 | 1 0.01 97.45 3871 | 1 0.01 97.46 3902 | 1 0.01 97.47 3928 | 1 0.01 97.48 3997 | 1 0.01 97.49 4136 | 1 0.01 97.50 4250 | 1 0.01 97.51 4366 | 1 0.01 97.52 4510 | 1 0.01 97.53 4739 | 1 0.01 97.54 4749 | 1 0.01 97.55 4962 | 1 0.01 97.56 4986 | 2 0.02 97.58 5036 | 1 0.01 97.59 5153 | 1 0.01 97.60 5183 | 1 0.01 97.61 5284 | 1 0.01 97.62 5305 | 1 0.01 97.63 5358 | 1 0.01 97.64 5413 | 1 0.01 97.65 5476 | 1 0.01 97.66 5496 | 1 0.01 97.67 5821 | 1 0.01 97.68 5830 | 1 0.01 97.69 5920 | 1 0.01 97.70 5942 | 1 0.01 97.71 6213 | 1 0.01 97.72 6352 | 1 0.01 97.73 6496 | 1 0.01 97.74 6543 | 1 0.01 97.75 6610 | 1 0.01 97.76 6897 | 1 0.01 97.77 6937 | 1 0.01 97.78 6980 | 1 0.01 97.79 7002 | 1 0.01 97.80 7182 | 1 0.01 97.81 7215 | 1 0.01 97.82 7268 | 1 0.01 97.83 7330 | 1 0.01 97.84 7409 | 1 0.01 97.85 7584 | 1 0.01 97.86 7738 | 1 0.01 97.87 7751 | 1 0.01 97.88 7793 | 1 0.01 97.89 7951 | 1 0.01 97.90 8044 | 1 0.01 97.91 8050 | 1 0.01 97.92 8164 | 1 0.01 97.93 8180 | 1 0.01 97.94 8197 | 1 0.01 97.95 8222 | 1 0.01 97.96 8291 | 1 0.01 97.97 8330 | 1 0.01 97.98 8338 | 1 0.01 97.99 8358 | 1 0.01 98.00 8537 | 1 0.01 98.01 8549 | 1 0.01 98.02 8666 | 1 0.01 98.03 8794 | 1 0.01 98.04 9049 | 1 0.01 98.05 9398 | 1 0.01 98.06 9532 | 1 0.01 98.07 9636 | 1 0.01 98.08 9897 | 1 0.01 98.09 10099 | 1 0.01 98.10 10386 | 1 0.01 98.11 10741 | 1 0.01 98.12 10747 | 1 0.01 98.13 10952 | 1 0.01 98.14 11163 | 1 0.01 98.15 11289 | 1 0.01 98.16 11602 | 1 0.01 98.17 11613 | 1 0.01 98.18 11651 | 1 0.01 98.19 11904 | 1 0.01 98.20 11933 | 1 0.01 98.21 12103 | 1 0.01 98.22 12107 | 1 0.01 98.23 12120 | 1 0.01 98.24 12139 | 1 0.01 98.25 12216 | 1 0.01 98.26 12226 | 1 0.01 98.27 12414 | 1 0.01 98.28 12446 | 1 0.01 98.29 12694 | 1 0.01 98.30 12855 | 1 0.01 98.31 13035 | 1 0.01 98.32 13045 | 1 0.01 98.33 13101 | 1 0.01 98.34 13395 | 1 0.01 98.35 13427 | 1 0.01 98.36 13759 | 1 0.01 98.37 13988 | 1 0.01 98.38 14182 | 1 0.01 98.39 14798 | 1 0.01 98.40 14890 | 1 0.01 98.41 14943 | 1 0.01 98.42 15025 | 1 0.01 98.43 15057 | 1 0.01 98.44 15078 | 1 0.01 98.45 15533 | 1 0.01 98.46 15565 | 1 0.01 98.47 16056 | 1 0.01 98.48 16070 | 1 0.01 98.49 16283 | 1 0.01 98.50 16677 | 1 0.01 98.51 16758 | 1 0.01 98.52 17488 | 1 0.01 98.53 17599 | 1 0.01 98.54 17715 | 1 0.01 98.55 17829 | 1 0.01 98.56 17839 | 1 0.01 98.57 18130 | 1 0.01 98.58 18327 | 1 0.01 98.59 19661 | 1 0.01 98.60 19755 | 1 0.01 98.61 20128 | 1 0.01 98.62 20228 | 1 0.01 98.63 20555 | 1 0.01 98.64 20966 | 1 0.01 98.65 21467 | 1 0.01 98.66 21521 | 1 0.01 98.67 21653 | 1 0.01 98.68 21745 | 1 0.01 98.69 21913 | 1 0.01 98.70 22757 | 1 0.01 98.71 23356 | 1 0.01 98.72 23458 | 1 0.01 98.73 23688 | 1 0.01 98.74 23811 | 1 0.01 98.75 23873 | 1 0.01 98.76 23876 | 1 0.01 98.77 24033 | 1 0.01 98.78 24359 | 1 0.01 98.79 24414 | 1 0.01 98.80 24856 | 1 0.01 98.81 24882 | 1 0.01 98.82 25524 | 1 0.01 98.83 25789 | 1 0.01 98.84 25899 | 1 0.01 98.85 25906 | 1 0.01 98.86 26267 | 1 0.01 98.87 26320 | 1 0.01 98.88 26490 | 1 0.01 98.89 26686 | 1 0.01 98.90 27743 | 1 0.01 98.91 27908 | 1 0.01 98.92 28258 | 1 0.01 98.93 28374 | 1 0.01 98.94 28591 | 1 0.01 98.95 29740 | 1 0.01 98.96 29747 | 1 0.01 98.97 30211 | 1 0.01 98.98 30704 | 1 0.01 98.99 30823 | 1 0.01 99.00 31230 | 1 0.01 99.01 31403 | 1 0.01 99.02 31891 | 1 0.01 99.03 32481 | 1 0.01 99.04 32711 | 1 0.01 99.05 33339 | 1 0.01 99.06 33627 | 1 0.01 99.07 33652 | 1 0.01 99.08 33738 | 1 0.01 99.09 33806 | 1 0.01 99.10 34081 | 1 0.01 99.11 34830 | 1 0.01 99.12 35519 | 1 0.01 99.13 35683 | 1 0.01 99.14 35800 | 1 0.01 99.15 36196 | 1 0.01 99.16 36357 | 1 0.01 99.17 36514 | 1 0.01 99.18 36996 | 1 0.01 99.19 37211 | 1 0.01 99.20 37214 | 1 0.01 99.21 37493 | 1 0.01 99.22 37558 | 1 0.01 99.23 37991 | 1 0.01 99.24 39469 | 1 0.01 99.25 40084 | 1 0.01 99.26 40109 | 1 0.01 99.27 40618 | 1 0.01 99.28 40657 | 1 0.01 99.29 42338 | 1 0.01 99.30 42623 | 1 0.01 99.31 42781 | 1 0.01 99.32 42827 | 1 0.01 99.33 43357 | 1 0.01 99.34 43474 | 1 0.01 99.35 43543 | 1 0.01 99.36 45522 | 1 0.01 99.37 46573 | 1 0.01 99.38 46689 | 1 0.01 99.39 47982 | 1 0.01 99.40 48836 | 1 0.01 99.41 48892 | 1 0.01 99.42 49227 | 1 0.01 99.43 49833 | 1 0.01 99.44 50524 | 1 0.01 99.45 50642 | 1 0.01 99.46 50729 | 1 0.01 99.47 50845 | 1 0.01 99.48 51098 | 1 0.01 99.49 51364 | 1 0.01 99.50 52592 | 1 0.01 99.51 52973 | 1 0.01 99.52 54215 | 1 0.01 99.53 55039 | 1 0.01 99.54 55506 | 1 0.01 99.55 56875 | 1 0.01 99.56 58719 | 1 0.01 99.57 58927 | 1 0.01 99.58 59790 | 1 0.01 99.59 59875 | 1 0.01 99.60 59880 | 1 0.01 99.61 60542 | 1 0.01 99.62 64581 | 1 0.01 99.63 64930 | 1 0.01 99.64 69220 | 1 0.01 99.65 70894 | 1 0.01 99.66 73198 | 1 0.01 99.67 74460 | 1 0.01 99.68 74461 | 1 0.01 99.69 74521 | 1 0.01 99.70 74735 | 1 0.01 99.71 78025 | 1 0.01 99.72 79324 | 1 0.01 99.73 82462 | 1 0.01 99.74 82966 | 1 0.01 99.75 83839 | 1 0.01 99.76 87593 | 1 0.01 99.77 92964 | 1 0.01 99.78 93048 | 1 0.01 99.79 95105 | 1 0.01 99.80 95373 | 1 0.01 99.81 100840 | 1 0.01 99.82 111804 | 1 0.01 99.83 114378 | 1 0.01 99.84 115579 | 1 0.01 99.85 115674 | 1 0.01 99.86 120354 | 1 0.01 99.87 121704 | 1 0.01 99.88 122690 | 1 0.01 99.89 125417 | 1 0.01 99.90 132184 | 1 0.01 99.91 133147 | 1 0.01 99.92 152031 | 1 0.01 99.93 153654 | 1 0.01 99.94 156244 | 1 0.01 99.95 165241 | 1 0.01 99.96 173659 | 1 0.01 99.97 185378 | 1 0.01 99.98 188917 | 1 0.01 99.99 209268 | 1 0.01 100.00 ------------+----------------------------------- Total | 10,000 100.00 by Jean Roth , jroth@nber.org , 26 Jun 2017