Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990 Compiled and edited by Richard L. Forstall, Population Division U.S. Bureau of the Census April 20, 1995 INTRODUCTORY NOTE This table gives the population of each county or county equivalent from 1900 to 1990 as reported in 10 successive decennial censuses. Generally, the populations are shown as they were published in the reports of each census; corrections to census counts made in later census reports are not reflected. Changes in counties that have occurred since the 1990 census are not shown. Some counties were created after 1900 from parts of others, and many counties have had changes in boundaries during this period. This should be kept in mind in comparing populations at different dates. The reports of each census give information on boundary changes since the preceding census. Another good source of information on county boundary changes is "Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920," by William Thorndale and William Dollarhide (Baltimore, Genealogical Publishing Company, 1987). A few counties appear in the table that existed in 1900 or at some census since, but later became parts of other counties. The notes below specify what happened to them. For new counties formed since 1940, notes specify which counties they were taken from. Notes also explain all cases where the populations in the table for the counties of a State do not sum to the State total. There also are notes on counties whose names have changed significantly since 1900; these appear in the table under their present-day names. Each currently existing county has a five-digit code, assigned as part of a Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce. The first two digits are for the State, and the last three for the county within the State. These standard codes appear in the table. For a few counties that went out of existence before these codes were assigned, this table assigns a code with a decimal to position the county in alphabetical sequence within its State. The data file and notes were compiled and edited by Richard L. Forstall. Further information may be obtained by writing Population Division, Bureau of the Census. Washington, DC 20233, or by calling 301 763-2422. NOTES FOR INDIVIDUAL STATES AND COUNTIES ALASKA Alaska has no counties, and the names, boundaries, and designations of the subdivisions reported in the census have evolved considerably over recent decades. In 1990 and 1980, most of the population of the State lived in entities designated as Boroughs; the remainder was reported by Census Areas (sometimes abbreviated C.A. in the table). In 1970, the census was reported by Census Divisions, some of which corresponded to boroughs. In 1960, the census was reported by 24 Election Districts. The table lists areas that existed in 1990 with their 1990 names and designations. In both the table and the notes, areas listed without any designation had ceased to exist by 1990; in 1980 they were Census Areas, in 1970 Census Divisions, and in 1960 Election Districts. The name of the Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan Census Area is abbreviated in the table as Prince of Wales- Census Area, and the name of the Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon Census Area is abbreviated as Skagway-Yakutat- Census Area. For the censuses of 1930 and 1940, Alaska actually was enumerated in the fall of the preceding year (1929, 1939). Changes 1960-1990 The notes below give information on area names used in the 1960-80 censuses that differ from those used in 1990. Formations of boroughs since 1970 also are mentioned, but changes in designations (for example, from Census Division to Census Area) are not specified. For areas whose boundaries changed between 1980 and 1990 sufficiently to affect the 1980 population, the 1980 population in the 1990 territory is given. There also were many additional boundary changes during the 1960s and 1970s. For areas that existed in 1960, 1970, or 1980 but not in 1990, the notes specify the areas of which they became part. When areas were formed or dissolved, small portions may have come from or gone to other areas not specified. No designations appear in the table for these extinguished areas; as noted above, in 1980 they were Census Areas, in 1970 Census Divisions, and in 1960 Election Districts. Aleutians East Borough: formed from Aleutian Islands Census Area (1987). 1980 population in 1990 area: 1,643. Aleutians West Census Area: in 1960-80, Aleutian Islands. 1980 population in 1990 area: 6,125. Angoon: to Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon Census Area. Cordova-McCarthy: to Valdez-Cordova Census Area. Dillingham Census Area: in 1960-70, Bristol Bay (Census Division). 1980 population in 1990 area: 3,232. Fairbanks North Star Borough: in 1960-70, Fairbanks. Haines Borough: formed from Lynn Canal-Icy Straits. Kenai Peninsula Borough: in 1960-70, Kenai-Cook Inlet. Ketchikan Gateway Borough: in 1960-70, Ketchikan. Kodiak Island Borough: in 1960-70, Kodiak. Kuskokwim: to Yukon-Koyukuk and Bethel Census Areas. Lake and Peninsula Borough: formed from Dillingham Census Area (1989). 1980 population in 1990 area: 1,384. Lynn Canal-Icy Straits: to Haines and Skagway-Yakutat. Matanuska-Susitna Borough: in 1960-70, Palmer-Wasilla-Talkeetna. North Slope Borough: formed 1972, from Barrow, Upper Yukon, and Kobuk (Northwest Arctic). Populations shown for 1960-70 are for Barrow. Northwest Arctic Borough: formed 1986, primarily from Kobuk Census Area. Populations shown for 1960-80 are for Kobuk. 1980 population in 1990 area: 4,831. Outer Ketchikan: to Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan Census Area. Prince of Wales-Outer Ketchikan Census Area: in 1960-70, Prince of Wales. Seward: to Kenai Peninsula Borough. Skagway-Yakutat-Angoon Census Area: in 1960-70, Skagway-Yakutat. Upper Yukon: to Yukon-Koyukuk Census Area, North Slope Borough, and Southeast Fairbanks Census Area. Valdez-Cordova Census Area: in 1960-70, Valdez-Chitina-Whittier. Changes 1900-1950 For 1910 through 1950, Alaska Territory was reported by 4 Judicial Divisions. These corresponded to the areas listed in the table approximately as follows (names are shortened in some cases): First Division: Angoon, Haines, Juneau, Ketchikan, Lynn Canal, Outer Ketchikan, Prince of Wales, Sitka, Skagway, and Wrangell. Second Division: Barrow, Nome, North Slope, Northwest Arctic, and Wade Hampton. Third Division: Aleutians (East and West), Anchorage, Bristol Bay, Dillingham, Cordova, Kenai, Kodiak, Lake and Peninsula, Matanuska, Seward, and Valdez. Fourth Division: Bethel, Fairbanks, Kuskokwim, Southeast Fairbanks, Upper Yukon, and Yukon-Koyukuk. In 1900, Alaska was reported by 2 Districts. The Northern District corresponded roughly to Judicial Divisions 2 and 4 of 1910, and the Southern District corresponded roughly to Judicial Divisions 1 and 3 of 1910. ARIZONA The 1900 State total includes 3,065 population in the San Carlos Indian Reservation, not reported by county. La Paz County (1980 pop. 12,557) was formed from Yuma County in 1983. GEORGIA Campbell and Milton Counties were annexed to Fulton County in 1932. HAWAII Kalawao County was reported as part of Maui County in 1930-1950 and in 1970; the data have been adjusted to show it separately at all dates. Midway Is. (1910-1940) and certain other Pacific Islands (1940) were reported as part of Hawaii in those censuses but are not part of the State of Hawaii and have been excluded at all dates. IDAHO The 1930 State total includes 1 person in the portion of Yellowstone National Park in Idaho, which had no population in 1940-60 and was included in Fremont County in 1970-90. In 1900- 1920, any population in this portion of the park was enumerated with the Wyoming portion. MINNESOTA The 1900 State total includes 3,486 population in the White Earth Indian Reservation, not returned by county. MONTANA The 1900 State total includes 2,660 population in the Crow Indian Reservation, not reported by county. Yellowstone National Park (part): in 1890-1920, any population in the Montana portion of the park was enumerated with the Wyoming portion. NEVADA Carson City was consolidated with Ormsby County in 1969 and became independent of any county; the populations for 1900-1960 are for Ormsby County. NEW MEXICO Cibola County (1980 pop. 30,347) was formed from Valencia County in 1981. Los Alamos County was formed from Sandoval County (primarily) and Santa Fe County in 1949. NEW YORK Bronx County was formed from New York County in 1914. Its population in its present-day area was 200,507 in 1900 and 430,980 in 1910. NORTH DAKOTA The 1900 State total includes 2,208 population in the North Dakota portion of the Standing Rock Indian Reservation, not reported by county. OKLAHOMA The 1900 total is for Oklahoma Territory (398,331) and Indian Territory (392,060). Indian Territory was not reported by county; Oklahoma Territory included 16,090 population in Indian reservations, not reported by county. Day County was annexed to Ellis and Roger Mills Counties before 1910. SOUTH DAKOTA The 1910 State total includes 6,607 population in the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation, not reported by county. The 1900 State total includes 16,043 population in the following Indian reservations, which were not reported by county: Cheyenne River (2,357), Pine Ridge (6,827), Rosebud (5,201), and Standing Rock (South Dakota portion; 1,658). Armstrong County was annexed to Dewey County in 1954. Schnasse and Sterling Counties were annexed to Ziebach County in 1911. Washabaugh County was annexed to Jackson County in 1979. Washington County was annexed to Shannon County in 1943. TENNESSEE James County was annexed to Hamilton County in 1919. TEXAS Kenedy County, formed in 1911, was named Willacy County until 1921. The present Willacy County was formed in 1921. VIRGINIA In Virginia, when a town becomes a city it also becomes independent of its county. The table for Virginia lists these independent cities separately after the counties. Many new independent cities have been created since 1900, and there also have been numerous annexations from counties to cities. Several former counties have disappeared through annexation to cities, or through the whole county becoming a city. In spite of their names, the counties named Charles City, James City, and (until 1952) Elizabeth City are counties, not independent cities. Persons interested in population changes over time often prefer to combine the Virginia independent cities with an adjacent county, to eliminate or reduce the effect of the numerous county/city boundary changes. At the end of this note is a list of the cities specifying the county from which each city originally was formed, with information on which combinations generally are made. Notes on Individual Virginia Counties Arlington County, formerly Alexandria County, was renamed in 1920. Elizabeth City County was annexed to Hampton city in 1952. Nansemond County became Nansemond city in 1972 and then was annexed to Suffolk city in 1974. Norfolk County, after many annexations to neighboring cities in the 1950s, became part of newly established Chesapeake city in 1963. Princess Anne County was annexed to Virginia Beach city in 1963. Warwick County became Warwick city in 1952 and then was annexed to Newport News city in 1958. Notes on Individual Virginia Independent Cities Alexandria city: from Alexandria (now Arlington) County; has also annexed much territory from Fairfax County; generally combined with Arlington County. Bedford city: from Bedford County (1968). Bristol city: from Washington County. Buena Vista city: from Rockbridge County. Charlottesville city: from Albemarle County. Chesapeake city: formed through combination of Norfolk County and South Norfolk city (1963); see Norfolk city. Clifton Forge city: from Alleghany County. Colonial Heights city: from Chesterfield County (1948), but often combined with adjacent Petersburg city and Dinwiddie County. Covington city: from Alleghany County (1952). Danville city: from Pittsylvania County. Emporia city: from Greensville County (1967). Fairfax city: from Fairfax County (1961). Falls Church city: from Fairfax County (1948). Franklin city: from Southampton County (1961). Fredericksburg city: from Spotsylvania County. Galax city: formed almost equally from Carroll and Grayson Counties (1953); usually combined with Carroll County. Hampton city: from Elizabeth City County. The remainder of the county was annexed to the city in 1952, so Hampton city usually is not combined with any current county. Harrisonburg city: from Rockingham County. Hopewell city: from Prince George County. Lexington city: from Rockbridge County (1966). Lynchburg city: from Campbell County; has annexed some territory from Bedford County. Manassas city: from Prince William County (1975). Manassas Park city: from Prince William County (1975). Manchester city: from Chesterfield County, but annexed to Richmond city in 1910; see Richmond city. Martinsville city: from Henry County. Newport News city: from Warwick County, with some annexations from Elizabeth City County. The remainder of Warwick County became Warwick city in 1952 and then was annexed to Newport News city in 1958, so this city usually is not combined with any current county. Norfolk city: from Norfolk County, with some annexations from Princess Anne County. The cities of Norfolk, Portsmouth, and Chesapeake and the former Norfolk County and South Norfolk city often are treated as a combination. Norton city: from Wise County (1954). Petersburg city: mainly from Dinwiddie County, with portions from Chesterfield and Prince George Counties. Poquoson city: from York County (1975). Portsmouth city: from Norfolk County; see Norfolk city. Radford city: from Montgomery County. Richmond city: from Henrico County, but has annexed much territory from Chesterfield County; annexed Manchester city (originally formed from Chesterfield County) in 1910. Roanoke city: from Roanoke County. Salem city: from Roanoke County (1968). South Boston city: from Halifax County (1960). South Norfolk city: from Norfolk County; with the remainder of Norfolk County, formed Chesapeake city in 1963; see Norfolk city. Staunton city: from Augusta County. Suffolk city: from Nansemond County. The remainder of the county became Nansemond city in 1972 and then was annexed to Suffolk city in 1974, so the city usually is not combined with any current county. Virginia Beach city: from Princess Anne County (1952). The remainder of the county was annexed to the city in 1963, so Virginia Beach city usually is not combined with any current county. Waynesboro city: from Augusta County (1948). Williamsburg city: usually combined with James City County, but also includes territory from York County. Winchester city: from Frederick County. WISCONSIN Menominee County was formed in 1961 from part of Shawano County (1960 pop. 2,345) and part of Oconto County (1960 pop. 261). WYOMING Yellowstone National Park: in 1900-1920, includes any population enumerated in the Idaho and Montana portions of the park; in 1930- 1960, represents the portion of the park in Wyoming; this portion was included in Teton and Park Counties beginning in 1970. RECORD LAYOUT POPULATION OF COUNTIES BY DECENNIAL CENSUS - 1900 TO 1990 First Cycle Field Location Length Field 1-2 2 FIPS State code 3-5 3 FIPS County code 6 1 Blank 7-16 10 1990 population 17-26 10 1980 population 27-36 10 1970 population 37-46 10 1960 population 47-74 28 Area Name Second Cycle Field Location Length Field 1-2 2 FIPS State code 3-5 3 FIPS County code 6 1 Blank 7-16 10 1950 population 17-26 10 1940 population 27-36 10 1930 population 37-46 10 1920 population 47-74 28 Area Name Third cycle Field Location Length Field 1-2 2 FIPS State code 3-5 3 FIPS County code 6 1 Blank 7-16 10 1910 population 17-26 10 1900 population 27-36 10 Blank 37-46 10 Blank 47-74 28 Area Name